Modifier

A Modifier, (sometimes called a "mod" for short), is a fixed value added to or subtracted from a dice roll. The shorthand for a modifier is written as a '+' or '-' followed by a number. When a modifier is preceded by Dice Shorthand, you will simply roll the dice specified, then add the modifier to the sum of the dice.

On your Character Sheet, you will find many named modifiers with no Dice Shorthand before them. In these cases the die rolled with the modifier will be a d10.